Because of the massive size of the global Facebook network, the social media monopoly could actually operate like a small, independent economy.
科技公司普遍表示,它们相信自己在充满活力和高度竞争的市场中运营,不认为自己是非法垄断企业。
Tech companies generally have said that they believe they operate in dynamic and highly competitive markets and don't believe they are illegal monopolies.
经过15个月的调查,监管机构给该公司开出了创纪录的9.75亿美元罚单,并将高通列为垄断企业。
After a 15-month investigation, regulators handed the company a record $975 million fine and declared Qualcomm a monopoly.
负面网络效应在金融领域过于普遍,这也是没有一家对冲基金垄断企业管理全球所有资金的原因。
Negative network effects are excessively pervasive in finance, and they're the reason that there's no 1 hedge fund monopoly managing all of the money on earth.
它不是由法律强制执行,而是由一家运输垄断企业。
It is not enforced by law, but by a monopoly on transportation.”.
但他补充说:“我认为任何人都无法合理地得出结论说苹果是垄断企业。
But, he added,“I don't think anybody reasonable is gonna come to the conclusion that Apple's a monopoly.”.
另一方面,竞争对手又希望将微软比作垄断企业,因为这样做会给自己带来好处。
On the other hand, competitors favor the characterization of Microsoft as a monopoly because such a characterization has beneficial effects for them.
但这个目标对竞争企业和垄断企业却有极为不同的后果。
But this goal has very different ramifications for competitive and monopoly firms.
这里有我想关注的很多垄断企业其他不同的特点。
There are several different characteristics of these monopoly businesses that I would like to focus on.
对于垄断企业而言,积累的主要问题在于如何为庞大的日益增长的可支配剩余找到足够的投资渠道。
The main problem of accumulation for monopolistic corporations was to find sufficient investment outlets for the enormous and rising surplus at their disposal.
其结果是,少数垄断企业有可能主导全球的大部分制造业。
The result is a handful of monopolies potentially dominating much of global manufacturing.
即使在垄断企业中,你也永远得不到100分,因为仍然会有人拒绝你。
Even in a monopoly you will never get a 100% because there will still be people that reject you.
In fact it is furthering our dependence on large-scale economic structures and technologies, and on a shrinking number of ever-larger corporate monopolies.
被认为是美国资本主义和自由市场捍卫者的帝国是建立在垄断企业之上的。
The empire of the perceived champion of American capitalism and free markets is built on monopolistic companies.
另一方面,竞争对手又希望将微软比作垄断企业,因为这样做会给自己带来好处。
On the other hand, competitors favor the characterization of Microsoft as a monopoly because such a characterization benefits them.
但一位专家认为,该行业是“赢家通吃”的市场,只有作为垄断企业才能获利。
But one expert sees the sector as a"winner-take-all" market that can only be profitable as a monopoly business.
在这一进程中,国家竞争管理机构应该确保不形成私营垄断企业,而且也不得影响私营化产生的经济效益。
In this process, national competition authorities should ensure that private monopolies are not created, but they also have not to affect the economic benefits arising from the privatization.
The broadcaster, which was launched in 2013 by Britain's former telephone monopoly, has lost 10 games and will only screen games now on Saturday lunchtimes.
每个垄断企业都有自己的特色,但是它们也都有相同的特点:专利技术、网络效应、规模经济、品牌推广。
Every monopoly is unique, but they usually share some combination of the following characteristics: proprietary technology, network effects, economies of scale, and branding.
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