In the definition of the previous formula, the amount of displacement with respect to the applied voltage from the\(d\) constant can be calculated. Also from the\(g\) constant, can be calculated output voltage with respect to the applied force.
The reasons for this are as follows: if the thickness of the organic luminescent medium is below 5 nm, the luminescent brightness and durability thereof may deteriorate, and if the thickness of the organic luminescent medium is over 5 μm, the value of the voltage to be applied may become high.
A black occlude was employed so as to confirm the tunable performance of one lens cell.(b) The upper left image was captured when zero voltage was applied on the DEA, and while the lower left image was recorded when the applied voltage was 5 kV.
The conventional KCA series Type MF capacitors satisfied the distance between terminals of 3.2 mm specified thus far by IEC60384-14. However, when used in DC lines for electric vehicle applications, there were cases where a distance between terminals of 3.2 mm was judged to be insufficient depending on the applied voltage, operating environment, board material, and other factors.
After lowering the pipette until it punctured the cell at the site of interest, the team switched the applied voltage from positive to negative, which drew a minute volume of cytoplasm into the nanopipette for analysis. Testing the technique on living mouse cells, the researchers were able to take mRNA samples at the periphery and near the nucleus of single cells, revealing differences in gene expression between these two locations.
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