Examples of using Ciphertext in English and their translations into Russian
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Official
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Colloquial
It was discovered that the TLS server in Erlang is vulnerable to an adaptive chosen ciphertext attack against RSA keys.
the bootstrapping procedure effectively"refreshes" the ciphertext by applying to it the decryption procedure homomorphically,
However, because the plaintext or ciphertext is only used for the final XOR, the block cipher operations may be performed in advance,
If any adversary can succeed in distinguishing the chosen ciphertext with a probability significantly greater than 1⁄2, then this adversary is considered to have an"advantage" in distinguishing the ciphertext, and the scheme is not considered secure in terms of indistinguishability.
The rest of the message consists of"indicators" and ciphertext; the first group is evidently a"discriminant" indicating the cryptosystem used,
a manuscript widely believed to be a ciphertext based on a code which had resisted decipherment since the manuscript's rediscovery by Wilfrid Voynich in 1912.
the repetition would not be obvious in the ciphertext since the same plaintext letters would encrypt to different ciphertext letters.
tampering is a concern:"… since there are no authentication tags then any ciphertext(original or modified by attacker)
Since there isn't a"previous block's ciphertext" for the first block,
This ciphertext could be shown to the Americans without embarrassment.
This provide protection against certain attacks which are easier to carry out when a large amount of ciphertext is available.
According to the unicity distance of English, 27.6 letters of ciphertext are required to crack a mixed alphabet simple substitution.
It is limited because each ciphertext is noisy in some sense,
In cryptography, a semantically secure cryptosystem is one where only negligible information about the plaintext can be feasibly extracted from the ciphertext.
it generally requires a much larger ciphertext in order to be useful.
Generate the ciphertext preamble: Generate s∈ W 4{\displaystyle s\in W^{4}\.
Output: byte string- ciphertext ψ{\displaystyle\psi\} of M{\displaystyle M\.
then combines the the two to create the ciphertext.
To encrypt an English word so that the ciphertext is another English word.
The most popular alternative swaps the final two ciphertext blocks unconditionally.