Also, since Russia's economy was operating to such a large extent on barter and other non-monetary instruments of exchange, the financial collapse had far less of an impact on many producers than it would had the economy been dependent on a banking system.
The East-Indian and Chinese markets, the colonisation of America, trade with the colonies, the increase in the means of exchange and in commodities generally, gave to commerce, to navigation, to industry, an impulse never before known, and thereby, to the revolutionary element in the tottering feudal society, a rapid development.”.
Then followed I, as Online Laboratory on Complementary Currencies JAPAN WEB mentioning some points such as the character of today's money as debt, the impossibility of local communities and of national governments to control their own means of exchange, exponential growth forced by compound interest rate and the redistribution of wealth from the poor to the rich and showing some examples of complementary currency.
交換手段が必要。
Means of exchange are needed.
価値の保存と交換手段もの。
A Store of Value and Means of Exchange.
私たちにはドルという交換手段としての貨幣がある。
We have a good exchange medium called Dollar.
価値貯蔵と交換手段との間に自然なテンションが存在する。
A natural tension exists between stores of value and mediums of exchange.
マルタには交換手段としての仮想通貨を規制する法律は無い。
Maltese has no tax legislation regulating cryptocurrencies as a medium of exchange.
BC年頃には金が交換手段の標準として用いられるようになりました。
By 1500 BC the metal was being used as a means of exchange in international trade.
Corey:彼らの情報交換手段は私たちの未来の情報伝達手段になります。
Corey: It had… The way they share information is apparently the way we're going to share information in the future.
他のめざとい商人たちもそれに続き、やがて市場は単一の共通の交換手段に収集する。
Other alert traders in the market catch on, and eventually the market converges on a single common medium of exchange.
In the direct barter of products, each commodity is directly a means of exchange to its owner, and to all other persons an equivalent, but that only in so far as it has use-value for them.
The nationalisation of the means of production, distribution and exchange would allow these forces, which are left idle by the anarchy of capitalism, to be used.
日本語
中文
عربى
Български
বাংলা
Český
Dansk
Deutsch
Ελληνικά
Español
Suomi
Français
עִברִית
हिंदी
Hrvatski
Magyar
Bahasa indonesia
Italiano
Қазақ
한국어
മലയാളം
मराठी
Bahasa malay
Nederlands
Norsk
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Slovenský
Slovenski
Српски
Svenska
தமிழ்
తెలుగు
ไทย
Tagalog
Turkce
Українська
اردو
Tiếng việt