The reason for this puzzle, it has been argued in the context of the United States, is the presence of temporary price changes due to sales and other promotions.
Third, in most of the categories in the CPI, a decline in the frequency of price changes has contributed to the drop in the CPI inflation rate since the 1990s while the size of price changes has remained roughly unchanged.
Main factors contributing to a flattening in the slope of the Phillips curve A structural shift to the services sector: in general, the frequency of price changes in the services sector is lower than that in the manufacturing sector.
Annual Price Revisions: MHLW notes that the Government of the United States urges the Government of Japan to avoid implementing a system by which prices of pharmaceuticals and medical devices can be reduced annually under Japan's medical care insurance system.
While the market of non-face-to-face payment settlement is expanding continuously, the effects of the integration of convenience store chains, the revision to prices for large-scale clients, the shrinkage of OEM, etc. have apparently subsided.
Revised Pricing for LPIC-3 Exams in Japan| Linux Professional Institute Revised Pricing for LPIC-3 Exams in Japan The Linux Professional Institute, the world's largest vendor-neutral open source certification body, will revise the exam prices for LPIC-3 in Japan from May 1, 2019.
Macroeconomic theory suggests that such a decline in the frequency of price adjustments at the micro level is linked to a flattening of the Phillips curve at the macro level.1 A key question in this context, I think, is whether the flattening of the Phillips curve or, in other words, the decrease in the responsiveness of the inflation rate to economic fluctuations, is simply the result of changes in firms' price-setting behavior.
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