During the 1950s- 1970s thepopulation of the city soared over a million and designs for a rapid transit system were initially put up during the late 1960s.
Their failure had an impact on the population of cities; Rome declined from its high of over 1 million people in the Imperial era to as low as 30,000 in the medieval era.
Polish immigrants have left a large mark on the demographics of the town, with 18% of all residents claiming Polish as their ethnicity and 2% as having been born in Poland.
During the Second World War, around 2000 of Jewish inhabitants died in concentration camps, after the war(1945), the vast majority of citizens of German nationality was deported(before the war the Germans constituted one third of the city population).
As of the census it is the third largest city in Wales, with a city population of,, and an urban population of, The city forms part of the Cardiff-Newport metropolitan area with a population of 1,, The town outgrew the earlier Roman town of Caerleon, immediately upstream, and gained its first charter inTo the east lie Goldcliff and Whitson.
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