For example, the state of Illinois offers victims of hate crimes free attorneys that will sue hate crime offenders for physical and emotional damage(in addition to free attorneys for criminal court).
Some of the literature on perpetrators of hate crimes stresses the impact of intimate acquaintances and family members, and the influence of localized social norms on the development of a child's prejudice.
Hate crime laws are also symbolic and promote social cohesion by officially stating that victimization of people who are“different” is not accepted or tolerated in a modern society.
Also, since state laws differ, what is considered a hate crime in one state may not be considered a hate crime in another state and therefore may not be counted in the UCR.
Previous victims of hate crimes have been successful at suing both hate crime offenders as well as organized hate groups to which the offender belonged.
The majority of hate crime incidents, 51.8%, were motivated by racial bias, and an additional 12.7% were driven by hatred for a particular ethnicity or nationality.
At the national level, data on hate crimes come from two principal resources: the Uniform Crime Reporting(UCR) Program and the National Crime Victimization Survey(NCVS).
The inclusion of gender within hate crime laws has been controversial and currently is not included in federal law or in the UCR reporting of hate crime statistics.
The activist also says she has been a victim of hate crimes in the past, and local media have detailed some of these allegations after submitting public records requests.
Nationally, the number of hate crimes reported has fluctuated between about 6,000 and 10,000 incidents annually since 1991(U.S. Department of Justice, FBI, 2008).
They found that the amount of tweets containing targeted racism out of many cities correlated with the number of racially motivated hate crimes that were reported in those same areas.
Members of certain groups that are frequently targeted for hate crimes are particularly unlikely to report a hate crime because they have poor relations with the police.
Although hate crime and prejudice theories provide hypotheses for why individuals develop hatred or biases toward others, there is little information on how this prejudice/bias translates into criminal or violent action.
For example, since the NCVS collects information through anonymous surveys, the rates of hate crime are significantly higher than the official police records reported in the UCR.
Maybe the Abe administration is sincere about dealing with hate crimes and just unlucky to have so many cabinet members being photographed and getting donations from the wrong people.
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