内布拉斯加大学医学中心的神经科学家正在研究神经细胞 是否有一天能帮助恢复青光眼患者的视力。 The neuroscientist at the University of Nebraska Medical Center is researching whether the nerve cells could one day help restore sight to patients with glaucoma. 在携带PPT1变异的小鼠体内,NtBuHA能够防止神经细胞 丢失,减轻行为恶化并增加存活率。 In mice carrying a PPT1 mutation, NtBuHA prevented neuronal cell loss, mitigated behavioral deterioration and increased survival rates. 有人把焦点放在造成神经细胞 死亡的罪魁祸首,设法减少β淀粉样蛋白(Beta-amyloidprotein)的生成;. Some people focus on the culprit of neuronal cell death, trying to reduce the formation of beta-amyloid protein; 试验表明,基板细胞不仅吸引神经细胞 ,而且在试图逃跑时被神经细胞追赶。 The experiment showed that placodes not only attracted the neural cells but were followed by them as they tried to escape. 它还表明,治疗的深远影响不仅涉及神经细胞 或神经元,还涉及一种称为小胶质细胞的免疫细胞。 It also shows that the treatment's far-reaching effects involve not only nerve cells , or neurons, but also a type of immune cell called microglia.
这个显着的神经细胞 丢失率留给了研究团队肠道如何维持其相对恒定数量的神经元的问题。 The significant rate of nerve cell loss left the research team with the question that how the gut maintains its relatively constant number of neurons. 当我们把镜头拉近到一个紫色的神经细胞 ,我们可以看到它的细胞外膜布满着微细的气孔。 As we zoom in on one of these purple neurons , we see that its outer membrane is studded with microscopic pores. 不过,正常IKAP的水平在神经细胞 中要低得多,这也许是疾病为何攻击这些细胞的原因。 Levels of normal IKAP were much lower in the neural cells , which may be why the disease strikes these cells. . 他们首先连接与其他脊髓神经细胞 ,让他们交流信号到大脑。 They connect first with other nerve cells in the spinal cord and let them communicate signals to the brain.". 这是参与能量代谢,神经细胞 的发展,和身体的格局的形成。 It is involved in energy metabolism, neuronal cell development, and body pattern formation. 几年前,研究人员发现,SCN神经细胞 中具有大麻素类物质的受体。 Several years ago, researchers discovered that SCN neurons possess receptors for cannabinoids. 关键在于理解神经细胞 的“记忆”诚,这至关重要的连接,形成在发展和经验改进的神经系统。 The key lies in understanding nerve cell "memory"-the vital connections that are formed during nervous system development and modified by experience. 美国德克萨斯大学的科学家发现一个神经突触(神经细胞 之间的连接处)大约可以存储4.7比特的数据。 Texas University scientists discovered that one synapse(the space between neuronal cells ) has the storage capacity of 4.7 bits. 科学家们还表明,这些神经细胞 能在大脑中进行突触融合。 The scientists have also shown that these neural cells are capable of synaptic integration in the brain. 在美国,神经母细胞瘤--一种儿童期的神经细胞 癌--被诊断为年龄中位数为17.3个月。 In the United States, neuroblastoma- a childhood cancer of nerve cells - is diagnosed at a median age of 17.3 months. 此外,它强烈阻止谷氨酸诱导神经细胞 死亡和挑起突出突起在PC12细胞中。 Further, it strongly prevents glutamate-induced neuronal cell death and provokes prominent neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. . 这两方面都会影响神经细胞 的兴奋性,意味着正常的信号中断了。 Both of these mechanisms affect the excitability of neurons , meaning normal signaling is disrupted.". 但是当所有相结合,信息提供的每个神经细胞 允许猕猴大脑构建一个清晰的形象,某人的脸。 But when all are combined, the information contributed by each nerve cell allows the macaque brain to build a clear image of someone's face. 研究组也在探索使用神经细胞 的基因指令来控制神经芯片的可能性。 The team is also exploring the possibility of using a neuron 's genetic instructions to control the neuro-chip. 我们现在知道,反复的打击改变了神经细胞 ,特别是在没有休息的大脑中,”他说。 We know now that repeated blows alter the nerve cells , especially in a brain that has not been rested," he said.
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