It seamlessly integrates features of object-oriented and functional languages. 函数式 编程语言使您能够创建高度并行且高度分布的系统。Functional programming languages enable you to create a highly parallelized and highly distributed systems.It smoothly integrates features of object-oriented and functional languages. 序列,链表和树也是函数式 语言中非常常见的数据结构。 Sequences, lists and trees are very common data structures in functional languages. Lambda演算对函数式 编程有巨大的影响,特别是Lisp语言。 Lambda calculus has greatly influenced functional programming languages, especially LISP.
函数式 编程语言,例如Haskell,能够使这些变得更简单更便宜。Functional programming languages, such as Haskell, can make it easier and cheaper.和在数学中一样,函数式 语言中的赋值并不仅限于数值型。 As with Math, functional languages are not limited to just numerical value assignments. 在函数式 语言中,我们有更多的限制:我们不能够修改任何数据。 In functional languages we have one more limitation: we cannot mutate any data. 就如所有函数式 语言一样,Haskell的基础构成单位就是函数。 In Haskell, like pretty much all functional languages, the basic unit of composition is the function. Functional languages are associated with fewer defects than either procedural or scripting languages.第十三章探索了闭包和迭代器:Rust中来自函数式 编程语言的功能。 Chapter 13 explores closures and iterators: features of Rust that come from functional programming languages. 函数式 语言提供了不同的抽象工具来让你忘记你曾经习惯于修改变量。Functional languages offer a different kind of abstraction tools that make you forget you have ever liked modifying variables.函数式 编程意味着撰写利用返回值而工作的程序,而不是修改东西。Functional Programming is the art of writing programs that work by returning values, instead of modifying things.When you do functional programming, functions of this kind crop up naturally. Lisp是最古老的编程语言家族,它既是命令式语言,又是函数式 语言。 Lisp is the oldest family of programming languages that are both imperative and functional . 函数式 编程的很多概念并不比面向对象编程更难,它只是完全不同。Many claim that functional programming isn't more difficult than object-oriented programming, it's just different. Lambda演算可视为函数式 编程语言的理想化版本,如Haskell或ML语言。 The lambda calculus may be seen as an idealised functional programming language, like Haskell or Standard ML. PS:事实上,谈到函数式编程,Scala不是一个纯粹的函数式 编程语言。 PS: Indeed, speaking of functional programming, Scala is not a pure functional programming language. 函数式 编程通过使用函数来将值转换成抽象单元,接着用于构建软件系统。Functional programming is the use of functions that transform values into units of abstraction, subsequently used to build software systems.一个纯粹的函数式 编程语言不会允许可变数值:但Scala允许你定义var变量。 A pure functional programming language does not allow mutable values: Scala allows you to declare the var variable.
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