Examples of using Preference-giving in English and their translations into Arabic
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remains the preferred option for improving rules of origin, other forms of cumulation could be studied for those preference-giving countries(i.e. United States, Japan and the European Union) which provide cumulation on a regional basis only.
Investors in preference-receiving countries may be hesitant to step up their investment in these countries if preference-giving countries do not make clear commitments with respect to the period for which the market access schemes will remain effective, and/or the products covered by the preferences.
Other preference-giving countries, in particular Canada and Switzerland, have also substantially revised their GSP schemes and expanded GSP benefits to cover a large number of new products.
Other preference-giving countries, in particular Norway and Switzerland, also improved their GSP schemes substantially and extended duty-free access to a large range of additional products in favour of least developed countries.
Furthermore, in the light of the results of the Uruguay Round, preference-receiving countries urged preference-giving countries to adjust and deepen GSP tariff margins, where GSP rates are above zero.
Moreover, the experience of the importing private sector in preference-giving countries with the operation of the GSP and other unilaterally accorded trade preferences could provide further valuable insights.
Many preference-giving countries have amended their GSP schemes in various ways since the conclusion of the Uruguay Round, in part to adapt them to the results of the Round.
Whatever the merits of individual market access initiatives may be, firm and unrestricted commitments by preference-giving countries are considered essential for enabling LDCs to make use of the preferences
Erosion of preferences implies that other countries, and among them, countries with more competitive supply capacities and export potential, enjoy increased market access to the preference-giving countries, and regain competitiveness vis-à-vis countries that had been enjoying preferential margins.
The preparation of the study and the analysis of benefits derived from trade preferences required the updating of the UNCTAD GSP database with the most recent data made available by preference-giving countries.
UNCTAD has provided policy advice and technical assistance on rules of origin for a better utilization of trade preferences granted by preference-giving countries, particularly those granted by the European Union under the Everything but Arms initiative.
of Preferences in that it includes information on tariffs, preferential margins, rules of origin and other regulations affecting the export interests of developing countries vis-à-vis the preference-giving countries.
said that while wide coverage had been provided in the schemes of a number of preference-giving countries, the exclusion of textiles, clothing, carpets, footwear, leather goods, etc., from some GSP schemes had substantially reduced the coverage of industrial products.
He considered that preference-giving countries should explore the possibility of applying the GSP concept to movement of labour from LDCs to provide services in those countries, and he stressed that the trade prospects
This is that preference-giving countries should aim to stabilize on the basis of pre-Uruguay Round data, if not to increase,
Such assistance was being and should continue to be provided by UNCTAD, by export promotion bodies and by the preference-giving countries themselves. Modern information technology such as e-mail and the Internet could be used to reduce the cost and increase the effectiveness of such technical assistance.
Autonomous improvements at national levels may be complemented by a consensus among preference-giving countries on new policy approaches which aim at further enhancing the promotional impact of trade preferences, adapting preferences to the new trading environment and providing for greater uniformity in design and application.
To illustrate the extent, and the trade implications, of the reduction of MFN rates and its impact on GSP preferential margins, the following analysis focuses on the three largest markets of preference-giving countries(i.e. European Union, Japan and United States) which account for about 83 per cent of preferential imports.
Other measures to enhance the effectiveness of GSP schemes should include the extension of product coverage to more goods of export interest to IDCs(e.g., tropical products, leather goods, textiles and clothing) and the harmonization of GSP rules of origin among preference-giving countries.
(d) The improvement and renewal, by preference-giving countries, of their Generalized System of Preferences schemes with the objective of integrating developing countries, especially the least developed countries, into the international trading system and of finding ways and means to ensure more effective utilization of those schemes;