Examples of using Polymorphisms in English and their translations into Japanese
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SNPs or single nucleotide polymorphisms are changes in a single base or single letter in the sequence and may code of a different protein altogether making it akin to a genetic mutation.
Plants with fewer of these polymorphisms are adapted to short winters, and plants with all four polymorphisms are adapted to long winters.
Risk-associated polymorphisms were indicative of lower intelligence scores and speed of cognitive processing, altered memory and increased hippocampal mRNA levels of the KCNH2 variant.
Like studies of the genetics of overall prostate cancer risk, initial studies of inherited risk of aggressive prostate cancer focused on polymorphisms in candidate genes.
Interestingly, a recent meta-analysis of 11 case-control studies found that specific VDR polymorphisms were linked to SLE in Asians particularly(179).
In 2005, with funding from an NCI grant, we collaborated with Dr. Flockhart's group to analyze CYP2D6 polymorphisms in 223 women who had previously participated in an NCI-funded trial of tamoxifen.
Recent meta-analyses evaluating the influence of polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism on cancer risk found that specific variants in the gene encoding thymidylate synthase increased the risk of breast cancer in certain ethnic populations(127, 128).
Geoffrey Hayes, Margit Urbanek and colleagues conduct a genome-wide association study in a cohort of European women using the National Institutes of Health criteria to identify novel single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with polycystic ovary syndrome and the potential genes affected.
Hippocampal volumetric integrity(HVI)(an automated estimate of the parenchymal fraction in a standardized hippocampal volume of interest), DUP, 13 peripheral molecular biomarkers, and 14 single-nucleotide polymorphisms from 12 candidate genes were determined.
Lluis Quintana-Murci and colleagues generated genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms data from present day rainforest hunter-gathers and agriculturalists across sub-Saharan Africa to study the genetic diversity and evolutionary relationship between these populations.
In studies on individual identification with the use of combined microsatellite polymorphisms(STR polymorphisms), we are investigating haplotype analysis of multiple STR polymorphisms on the identical chromosome and the occurrence of mutations using family screening.
For the study, the researchers searched more than 300,000 specific DNA markers or"snips"(SNPs, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) from 52 Native American and 17 Siberian groups, looking for similar and different patterns of genes.
Assessment of changes in gene expression associated with increased arterial stiffness and gene polymorphisms that increase the risk for vascular stiffening suggests that components of the renin-angiotensin system, matrix metalloproteinases, intracellular signaling, and extracellular matrix components may all be involved in this process.
Harihara et al. showed from analysis of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) polymorphisms that the Ainu are closely related to East Mongoloids, and claimed that the Ainu are descendants of ancient Mongoloids who lived in the Japanese Islands in the Paleolithic and Jomon periods.
The information in the MGDD allow researchers and clinicians to find mutations associated to a given disease or gene of interest, and they can also find polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to a genetic disease or individual responses to pharmaceutical drugs or environmental factors.
In Reviews,"Genomic and Genetic Studies for Racing Performance in Thoroughbred Horses" by Teruaki Tozaki expounds on research being done on genes involved in athletic performance and DNA polymorphisms that affect that performance; these have already been mapped for humans and mice, and in recent years research has begun to be performed on horses.
Confounding factors and genetic polymorphism in the evaluation of individual steroid profiling.
Polymorphism It defines the mechanism to exists in different forms.
This is an example of polymorphism.
Polymorphism is not possible.