总之,这些结果突出了星形胶质细胞 在人类最常见类型的创伤性脑损伤后癫痫发展中的作用。 These results highlight the role of astrocytes in the development of epilepsy following the most common type of traumatic brain injury in humans. 如果星形胶质细胞 死亡,那么神经元也会死,”Bieberich说。 If the astrocytes die, the neurons die,” Bieberich explained. 随后,他们使用新方法将健康和突变的干细胞转化为星形胶质细胞 。 They subsequently used the new method to change healthy and mutated stem cells into astrocytes . 在这里,我们显示YB1高度有人在小鼠胎儿脑组织的脑室下区(SVZ),但不是在终末分化主要星形胶质细胞 。 Here, we show that YB-1 was highly expressed in the subventricular zone(SVZ) of mouse fetal brain tissues but not in terminally differentiated primary astrocytes . 我们现在已经发现大脑不同电路中的星形胶质细胞是不同的,我们已经开发了一个全面的工具包来探索星形胶质细胞 的生物学和多样性。 We have now discovered that astrocytes in different circuits in the brain are different, and we have developed a comprehensive toolkit to explore astrocyte biology and diversity.”.
这项漫长的研究报告了其他发现:植入的NSCs不会从病变部位迁移,但支持性星形胶质细胞 确实存在潜在的安全隐患。 The lengthy study reported other findings of note: Implanted NSCs did not migrate from their lesion sites, but supportive astrocytes did, a potential safety concern. 在发育中的大脑中,3种主要细胞类型,特别是神经元,星形胶质细胞 和少突胶质细胞,是由神经干细胞产生的。 In the developing brain, the 3 main cell types, specifically neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, are generated from neural stem cells. Heterosynaptic长期抑郁介导ATP从星形胶质细胞 释放。 Heterosynaptic long-term depression mediated by ATP released from astrocytes . 我们发现它们喜欢待在血脑屏障周围的星形胶质细胞 内。 We saw that they like to be inside astrocyte cells around the blood-brain barrier. It develops from star-shaped cells in the brain called astrocytes . 星形胶质细胞 是在神经系统中具有许多重要功能的神经细胞。Astrocytes are neural cells with many important functions in the nervous system.它们也非常复杂:单个星形胶质细胞 可以连接成千上万个神经元。 They're also astoundingly complex: a single astrocyte can connect to tens of thousands of neurons. 五十年来,教科书表示,大脑各处的星形胶质细胞 基本相同,”哈赫说。 For 50 years, the textbooks have said that astrocytes everywhere in the brain are largely identical,” Khakh said. 星形胶质细胞 占大脑细胞的很大一部分,在神经炎症中很重要。Astrocytes make up a large proportion of the cells in the brain and are important in neuroinflammation.我们的整体效果完全把我们以前的星形胶质细胞 在帕金森病的参与倒挂的看法。 Our overall results completely turn our previous view of the participation of astrocytes in Parkinson's disease upside down. 摆在研究人员面前的一个问题是,难以获取人类星形胶质细胞 进行研究。 One challenge that researchers have faced is the difficulty in obtaining human astrocytes to study. 考虑到神经元和星形胶质细胞会执行一些相同的功能,我们非常难说清楚星形胶质细胞 有什么特别的功能。 Given that both neurons and astrocytes perform some of the same functions, it has been difficult to tease out what specifically astrocytes are up to. 敲除NFIA可以让我们发现反应性星形胶质细胞 先前未知的功能多样性层“。 Knocking out NFIA allowed us to uncover a previously unknown layer of functional diversity in reactive astrocytes .”. 然而,还没有任何近质膜钙信号在星形胶质细胞 的详细或令人满意的描述。 However, there has not been any detailed or satisfying description of near plasma membrane calcium signaling in astrocytes . 他们的早期激活启发了他们的新名称:即星形胶质细胞 (即早期星形胶质细胞 )。 Their early activation inspired their new name: ie Astrocytes (immediate early astrocytes ).
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