Examples of using Pro-cyclical in English and their translations into Russian
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Official
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Colloquial
the economic downturn and current oversupply of ship capacity, combined with the pro-cyclical investment patterns, pose a threat to the economic sustainability of transport systems.
It is also important to eliminate the tendency to impose pro-cyclical macroeconomic conditionality at higher access levels.
international capital markets have tended to become more pro-cyclical, increasing the likelihood of boom-bust cycles.
disbursement mechanisms and to remove pro-cyclical conditionalities, another matter addressed in the Commission's report.
Servicing difficulties are often the result of the pro-cyclical nature of official development financing,
These regional differences are reflected in their respective growth outcomes: the pro-cyclical nature of macroeconomic policies in some developing countries has tended to exacerbate,
provide counter-cyclical financing mechanisms to compensate for the inherently pro-cyclical movement of private capital flows.
provide counter-cyclical financing mechanisms to compensate for the inherent pro-cyclical movement of private capital flows.
income have been exacerbated by very restrictive or pro-cyclical macroeconomic policies in the last three decades aimed at keeping inflation at a very low level in all circumstances.
The tightened external payments constraint on developing countries resulting from the recent downturn in the world economy and from the pro-cyclical behaviour of financial markets raises the question of the adequacy of multilateral arrangements for the provision of official balance of payments financing.
Proposed solutions that depend upon pro-cyclical fiscal policies in developing countries,
averting a forced pro-cyclical adjustment.
Latin American countries has been highly pro-cyclical and was often induced by the pro-cyclical effects of volatile capital flows.
which can be made even more difficult if Governments perforce follow"pro-cyclical" rather than"counter-cyclical" policies.
were exacerbated by a pro-cyclical pattern in government revenue(because of heavy dependence on primary commodities) and a pro-cyclical pattern of financial flows.
through their adjustment programmes and so forth-- is that not true?-- and through their pro-cyclical policies.
This latest adjustment in wage bill spending follows a rapid, pro-cyclical expansion of wage bill spending prior to the 2008 global financial crisis when most countries in the region experienced rapid economic growth.
There is growing evidence in recent decades that"pro-cyclical" macroeconomic management(i.e., imprudent fiscal, monetary and credit expansion during a boom, followed by substantial fiscal and monetary contraction after a downturn) has had serious adverse effects in many developing countries.
The accompanying advance of deregulated financial globalization and the pro-cyclical nature of private capital flows also enhanced the risk of financial crises,
with deflationary and pro-cyclical consequences.