Examples of using Dominant undertaking in English and their translations into German
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Colloquial
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Official
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Ecclesiastic
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Medicine
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Financial
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Ecclesiastic
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Political
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Computer
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Programming
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Official/political
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Political
It is not the task of a dominant undertaking to take steps on its own initiative to exclude products which it regards,
This could be the case, for instance, if the dominant undertaking prevents its customers from testing the products of competitors
If the lawfulness of the pricing practices of a dominant undertaking depended on the particular situation of competing undertakings,
In this document the term“anticompetitive foreclosure” is used to describe a situation where effective access of actual or potential competitors to supplies or markets is hampered or eliminated as a result of the conduct of the dominant undertaking whereby the dominant undertaking is likely to be in a position to profitably increase prices14 to the detriment of consumers.
Conduct will be viewed by the Commission as entailing a sacrifice if, by charging a lower price for all or a particular part of its output over the relevant time period, or by expanding its output over the relevant time period, the dominant undertaking incurred or is incurring losses that could have been avoided.
If, on the contrary, the data suggest that the price charged by the dominant undertaking has the potential to foreclose equally efficient competitors, then the Commission will
to the effect that product-swapping by a dominant undertaking constitutes an abuse under Article 86 whenever it has as its object
In some cases it will be possible to rely upon direct evidence consisting of documents from the dominant undertaking which clearly show a predatory strategy44,
Where a dominant undertaking adopts various practices in pursuit of the same aim,
This could be the case, for instance, if the dominant undertaking prevents its customers from testing the products of competitors
Finally, instead of refusing to supply, a dominant undertaking may charge a price for the product on the upstream market which, compared to the price it charges on the downstream market54,
citing United Brands Continentaal v Commission, that a dominant undertaking is not under an obligation to honour orders that are out of the ordinary
Competitors may not be able to compete for an individual customer's entire demand because the dominant undertaking is an unavoidable trading partner at least for part of the demand on the market,
Rivals may not be able to compete for an individual customer's entire demand because the dominant undertaking is an unavoidable trading partner at least for part of the demand on the market,
A conditional rebate granted by a dominant undertaking may enable it to use the‘non contestable' portion of the demand of each customer(that is to say, the amount that
the Commission will generally intervene where there is evidence showing that a dominant undertaking engages in predatory conduct by deliberately incurring losses
services already offered by the dominant undertaking on the downstream market, but intends to produce new
services already offered by the dominant undertaking on the downstream market, but intends to produce new
It is incumbent upon the dominant undertaking to provide all the evidence necessary to demonstrate that the conduct concerned is objectively justified.
The dominant undertaking's own knowledge of the abusive nature of its conduct is not, therefore, a prerequisite for the application of Article 82 EC.