Examples of using Pentabde in English and their translations into Chinese
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Experimental data shows that TetraBDE and PentaBDE are released from electronic appliances, such as TV sets and computer monitors(Danish EPA, 1999).
(ii) and(iii) Data from around the world demonstrate increasing levels of PentaBDE congeners with rising trophic position(Refs. 3 and 4).
UNEP(2006), in its assessment, concludes that PentaBDE is likely to cause significant adverse effects on human health or the environment, such that global action is warranted(see chapter 1.2).
Commercial Pentabromodiphenyl ether(C-PentaBDE) is a mixture of brominated flame retardants(BFRs), mainly isomers of Pentabromodiphenyl ether(PentaBDE) and Tetrabromodiphenyl ether(TetraBDE).
The average concentration of PentaBDE in appliances is estimated to be 34 mg/kg, with the highest concentration- 125 mg/kg- in the plastic fraction(Morf et al. 2005).
TABLE OF CONTENTS Commercial Pentabromodiphenyl ether(C-PentaBDE) is a mixture of brominated flame retardants(BFRs), mainly isomers of Pentabromodiphenyl ether(PentaBDE) and Tetrabromodiphenyl ether(TetraBDE).
This corresponds with PentaBDE' s affinity for carbon, low solubility in water(1.0 ug/L) and low vapour pressure(7.6 x 10-6 Pa).
In this Decision Guidance Document, typical pentabromodiphenyl ether commercial mixture will be abbreviated as c-PentaBDE and the name of the substance 2,2' ,4,4' ,5-pentabromodiphenyl ether will be abbreviated as PentaBDE.
Norway and Switzerland: both countries have banned production, import, export and marketing and use of PentaBDE and mixtures containing 0.1 percent per weight or more of PentaBDE.
The Swiss study showed that 5% of polyurethane foams produced in 1990 were used in the building industry, and contained up to 220 g/kg PentaBDE.
The calculated bioconcentration factors(BCFs), bioaccumulation factors(BAFs) and biomagnification factors(BMFs) indicate PentaBDE' s potential for bioaccumulation and biomagnification.
Eggs within each clutch, divided by laying sequence, were injected with safflower oil or PentaBDE congeners-47, -99, -100, and -153 dissolved in safflower oil(18.7 ug PBDEs/egg).
Time-trend data revealed that the PentaBDE levels in human tissues had increased markedly in the period 1972-1997, and could still be increasing(Peltola and Ylä-Mononen, 2001).
Table: Global production and use of C-PentaBDE in polyurethane foam production, and estimation of associated releases in 2000(foam containing 10-18% PentaBDE).
Due to these reasons, their common chemical structure, and due to issues relating to their chemical transformation, PentaBDE, and their brominated constituents are assessed as a group.
BDE-47" is a synonym for the tetraBDE congener," BDE-99" for the pentaBDE congener(see POPRC risk profile).
PentaBDE is used or has been used in the following sectors(Alaee et al. 2003, Danish EPA 1999, EU 2000, Prevedouros et al. 2004b, Swiss Agency for the Environment 2002, Birnbaum and Staskel, 2004).
The LOAEL value for PentaBDE could be set to 0.6-0.8 mg/kg body wt, based on the most sensitive effect observed, neurobehavioral effects during early development(Darnerud, 2003 in POPRC, 2006).
PentaBDE is widely recognized as a persistent organic pollutant with a high potential to bioconcentrate, bioaccumulate and a long-range transport to remote regions(POPRC, 2006, see Norwegian supporting information, 2010).
The LOAEL value for pentaBDE could be set to 0.6- 0.8 mg/kg body wt., based on the most sensitive effect observed, neurobehavioral effects during early development(Darnerud 2003, see POPRC 2006).