英語 での Market failures の使用例とその 日本語 への翻訳
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Traditionally, several market failures leading to an underinvestment in private R&D have been put forward as a justification for government subsidies(see Arrow 1962 for an early discussion).
For this to work well, policy must promote sound market signals, overcome market failures and have equity and risk mitigation at its core.
And we should continue to monitor and assess the impact of evolving market structures and of the evolution in ICT on the nature of the market failures that need to be addressed by financial regulation and supervision.
It explores the role of fiscal and monetary policies, the price level, labor employment, equilibrium analysis, efficiency, and welfare, market failures, economic growth, business cycles, and governmental policies.
They apply the tools of economics to address environmental problems, many of which are related to so-called market failures- circumstances wherein the"invisible hand" of economics is unreliable.
Yet Busia's experience underscores the fact that the main obstacle to the adoption of policies that would reduce market failures and encourage economic growth is not the ignorance of politicians but the incentives and constraints they face from the political and economic institutions in their societies.
Presentations: The Secretariat highlighted sectors vulnerable to climate change responses including conventional fuels, energy-intensive goods and tourism. He observed that industrial policy with the right mix of macro-policies can address market failures and target support.
C. Pigou's fame stems from being responsible for the famous distinction between private and social marginal products and costs and the idea that government can, via a mixture of taxes and subsidies, correct such market failures- or"internalize the externalities.".
Areas where policy action can make a real difference are a particular focus, and specific bottlenecks like inconsistencies in policy and market failures are tackled to ensure that policies are all going in the same direction.
Turner also said that Data61 will help Australia address two primary market failures: The lack of infrastructure that exists to support entrepreneurs to build new businesses, and the fact that companies do not think on a global scale.
Our strategy, therefore, should be to put the market first, but, at the same time, to carefully monitor developments and to take necessary steps to correct any market failures that may manifest themselves.
Session 2: Implementing Actions: Finance, Technology and Capacity Building: On Thursday morning, Frank Jésus, GEF, outlined models for scaling up EE, saying successful programmes combine measures to address market failures and targeted policies.
Our experience of Japan's crisis in the late 1990s and of the last global financial crisis in the late 2000s reminds us that the most important role of financial regulation and supervision is to address market failures in order to prevent financial crises.
Bill Gates underlined the ways in which philanthropic organizations, such as the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, play an important role in advancing the system, using innovative tools that allow them to invest in new technologies, make innovation less risky, and address market failures, and pointing out that the development finance system is key to achieving the objectives of the SDGs.
Market Failure and Government Failure. .
Market failure and nuclear power.
Market Failure and the Role of Government.
This is known as market failure.
Market failure and public policy.
Market failure is a term in economics.