Примери за използване на Dominant undertaking на Английски и техните преводи на Български
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In the rejoinder, the Commission makes clear that its position is that a dominant undertaking is not entitled to compromise effective competition on a secondary market by abusively refusing to allow its competitors access to an‘input' necessary for their viability.
It follows that Article 82 EC prohibits a dominant undertaking from eliminating a competitor
It follows that Article 82 EC prohibits a dominant undertaking from eliminating a competitor
a different impact depending on whether or not they are engaged in by a dominant undertaking.
had also been called upon to adjudicate on the question of the refusal by a dominant undertaking to license a third party to use an intellectual property right.
in the final analysis, on the choice of the customer to source the majority of supplies from the dominant undertaking, it cannot simply be assumed- ex post facto- that the cumulation of short-term agreements shows that those rebates are capable of restricting competition.
The dominant undertaking should be able, as the General Court rightly pointed out in the judgment under appeal,(61) and as the Commission
(1) What guidelines should be used to decide whether the application by a dominant undertaking of a rebate scheme with a standardised volume threshold having the characteristics referred to in the order for reference constitutes an abuse of a dominant position contrary to Article 82 EC?
Competition- Abuse of dominant position- Client PC operating systems- Work group server operating systems- Refusal of the dominant undertaking to supply and authorise the use of interoperability information- Fulfilment of obligations under a decision finding an infringement
must be interpreted to the effect that, where a dominant undertaking applies discriminatory prices to trade partners on the downstream market,
as well as the terms and conditions of the contracts between the dominant undertaking and its customers.
It is true, however, that the greatest competitive concern in relation to rebates is said to arise where the customers of a dominant undertaking must carry a percentage of its products and/or where the discount is conditional on the customer purchasing all(or a substantial part)
where a dominant undertaking applies discriminatory prices to trade partners on the downstream market,
In short, the Commercial Solvents and United Brands cases show that a dominant undertaking which avoids supplying goods,
IMS Health, paragraph 107 above, are satisfied, a refusal to license is lawful if competitors intend to use the licence to compete with the dominant undertaking.
according to commercial usage, have no connection with the subject of such contracts' by the condition that the dominant undertaking‘does not give customers a choice to obtain the tying product without the tied product'.
and it is established case-law that reference to industry practice in a market where competition is already restricted by the very presence of a dominant undertaking is not admissible.
even on the assumption that the regulatory authority is obliged to consider whether charges proposed by a dominant undertaking are compatible with Article 82 EC, the Commission would
must be interpreted to the effect that, where a dominant undertaking applies discriminatory prices to trade partners on the downstream market,
in certain circumstances a refusal to supply on the part of a dominant undertaking may constitute an abuse of a dominant position within the meaning of Article 82 EC unless it is objectively justified.