英語 での Inflation rates の使用例とその 日本語 への翻訳
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These expectations are affected by developments in actual inflation rates, the medium- to long-term trend of inflation rates, and the prospects for economic recovery.
Figure 1 shows the distribution of estimates of the steady-state inflation rates that maximize social welfare for the U.S. economy.
Economic activity in Russia and Brazil had been recovering moderately, mainly on the back of stable inflation rates.
In this regard, the situation facing Japan, in which expected inflation rates were stagnant, fortunately provided a breakthrough to this question.
In the outlook for prices, the main factors that determine inflation rates-- the output gap and inflation expectations-- are assessed as follows.
Recently, the socialist country made headlines with inflation rates with five digits.
Factors such as wages, import prices, taxes, and raw material prices can contribute to inflation rates.
Other economical elements such as house prices and the total amount of money in circulation can also affect inflation rates.
Venezuela, which is facing a serious economic and political crisis, has one of the world's highest inflation rates.
The PPP takes into account the relative cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries to compare living standards among the different nations.
The other is forward-looking expectation formation, where future inflation rates are predicted in line with the underlying mechanism of future developments in economic activity.
The study statistically confirmed that when such a crisis occurs, M2 declines sharply and inflation rates fall.
The break-even inflation rate and expected inflation rates judged from various surveys have been increasing.
To be more specific, inflation rates within Europe and the United States have stabilized at around 2 percent since 2000, after an average of 8-10 percent in the first half of the 1980s.
By contrast, in Japan, expected inflation rates have been anchored at too low of a level compared with the 2 percent price stability target, and thus there is sufficient room to raise them.
However, it also should be kept in mind that the inflation rates in the United States and the euro area have been at around 1.5 percent despite being regarded as somewhat weak, and that such situation is somewhat different from that in Japan.
In such an environment, cost, wage and price pressures in the euro area should remain modest and inflation rates should develop in line with price stability over the policy-relevant horizon.
However, through the beginning of the 1990s, when the asset bubble was about to end, Japan's economy was under inflationary pressure and inflation rates began to increase gradually.
Owing to rises in energy prices and indirect taxes, inflation rates are now likely to stay above 2% in 2012, with upside risks prevailing.
Close examination of the price developments during these 20 years shows that in the first half of the 1980s, inflation rates decelerated at a relatively rapid pace.